This report assesses how the Minimum Requirement for own funds and Eligible Liabilities (MREL) has influenced the EU banking sector between 2022 and 2024. The document examines the regulatory impact on financial markets, bank profitability, and the evolution of funding structures following the full implementation of BRRD II. It highlights that while most institutions met their final targets by the 2024 deadline, smaller banks still face structural hurdles in accessing wholesale funding markets. Data indicates a significant shift toward senior non-preferred (SNP) debt as a primary tool for meeting subordination requirements. Ultimately, the report concludes that while compliance costs are higher for retail-oriented firms, MREL has successfully strengthened loss-absorbing capacities without destabilizing bank business models.
The article reports that the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority and the EU Agency for the Space Programme present a joint white paper examining the use of Copernicus Earth observation data for supervising extreme weather risks. It describes a pilot project suggesting satellite data can provide near real-time, independent insights to improve risk assessment, loss estimation, and stress testing in the insurance sector. The paper argues such data can enhance identification of affected areas, support micro- and macro-level analysis, and strengthen model validation, contributing to more effective management of climate-related disasters.
The Q4 2025 EBA Risk Dashboard summarizes the European banking sector’s condition using a "traffic light" Risk Indicator heatmap. The report describes a period of high liquidity, noting that no sampled assets fell into the highest risk category for Liquidity Coverage Ratios. While solvency remains strong, with 79% of assets in the top Tier 1 capital bracket, this reflects a slight decrease from 2024. Profitability remains a concentrated risk, as nearly half of assets show high cost-to-income ratios. Overall sector stability is monitored through asset-weighted indicators and a composite Risk Assessment meter.