#insurers have discretion to determine #solvencyii #capitalrequirements. We find that long-term guarantees measures substantially influence the reported solvency ratios. The measures are chosen particularly by less solvent insurers and firms with high interest rate and credit spread sensitivities. Internal #models are used more frequently by large insurers and especially for #risks for which the firms have already found adequate immunization strategies.
"This article provides an insightful overview of the challenges encountered by the #insuranceindustry when applying the requirements of #ifrs17 to #reinsurance contracts... By delving into specific challenges and offering potential solutions, the article aims to shed light on the intricacies of implementing IFRS 17 and the resulting mismatches in #financialreporting, including their impact on #solvencyii practices."
The study proposes a method to assess #demographic #risk within the #solvencyii #regulations, using compact formulas to analyse #insurance portfolio inflows and outflows. It recommends a market-consistent valuation of liabilities for traditional and equity-linked policies. This includes evaluation of the Solvency #capitalrequirement of idiosyncratic and systematic risk, with a formula for the former and an algorithm for the latter.
"We consider two possible approaches to the problem of incorporating explicit general (i.e. economic) #inflation in the #non_life [#insurance] #claims reserve estimates and in corresponding reserve SCR, defined - as in #solvencyii - under the one year view. The #actuarial approach provides a simplified solution to the problem, obtained under the assumption of deterministic #interestrates and absence of inflation risk premia."
"The objective of this paper is to discuss the underlying principles and assumptions of valuation under Solvency II and to analyse concepts such as the best estimate and the cost-of-capital risk margin, hedgeable and non-hedgeable risks, market value of risk, as well as economic capital and expected and unexpected losses."
"Using variation across insurers within the same country, and across countries for the same insurance group, we show that market risk insurance via guaranteed return products is more prevalent in countries with more lax capital requirements. Moreover, we show that the interest rate exposure of insurance companies increased as interest rates declined in recent years, and this effect is more pronounced for companies with a larger share of guaranteed return products. "
" In quantifying the solvency capital requirement gradient for cyber risk measurement according to Solvency II, a dangerous paradox emerges: an insurance company can be ranked as solvent according to Pillar 1 without adequately evaluating the operational solvency capital requirements under Pillar 2. "
"This paper examines the impact of the pandemic outbreak on Italian insurers’ investment decisions between 2017 and 2020."
"Financial regulation will be sustainable for long horizons and uncertain risks if it removes the principle of continuity from its probabilistic background."